A new report, Wastewater: The reuse opportunity, published on 27 February by the International Water Association and OFID (the OPEC Fund for International Development), argues that decisive, urgent and large-scale action is needed to dramatically increase wastewater treatment, reuse and recycling. The report states that cities, as drivers of the global economy, must lead this resource revolution to enable a transition to a circular economy.
Wastewater is a global problem, say the report’s authors. Today, around 80% of all wastewater is discharged untreated into rivers, lakes and oceans. It creates health and environmental hazards, and contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, including nitrous oxide and methane. These emissions are three times larger than those produced by conventional wastewater treatment activities. Recovering water, energy, nutrients and other precious materials embedded in wastewater is an opportunity for cities to transition to the circular economy and contribute to improved water security.
Director-General of OFID Suleiman J Al-Herbish said: “This report illustrates both the global wastewater challenge, and the reuse opportunity in eight cities. These are all cities in low- or middle-income countries where future challenges will be more acute and the need for change is urgent. The report presents city roadmaps and identifies priorities – as well as the benefits – of meeting the Sustainable Development Goal target of halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse by 2030.”
Professor Kala Vairavamoorthy, Executive Director of the IWA said, “The global market for wastewater recycling and reuse reached nearly $12.2 billion in 2016 and is estimated to reach $22.3 billion by 2021. This market expansion is in response to a growing demand from cities and industry for water against a backdrop of increased urbanisation, population growth and climate variability, the result of which is greater water scarcity at a time of increasing global demand. Wastewater management as a resource is a critical solution to these challenges.”
The report focuses on eight cities, all facing different water and wastewater challenges and developing different solutions to address them, and which could be applied in other cities:
Aqaba, Jordan: A mid-size city turning its “zero discharge” challenge into a good opportunity;
Bangkok, Thailand: Using wastewater as a resource and a valuable economic good;
Beijing, China: Building infrastructure to keep up with an ever-expanding mega city;
Chennai, India: Addressing water scarcity through accelerated wastewater reuse;
Durban, South Africa: Treating wastewater as an economic good;
Kampala, Uganda: Protecting its water source with an integrated plan to control, treat and reuse wastewater;
Lima, Peru: Learning by doing under the urgency of shrinking glaciers;
Manila, Philippines: A mega city regenerating resources through wastewater treatment and reuse
Read the report here: www.iwa-network.org/publications/the-reuse-opportunity.
